Humectant

Sodium PCA

Sodium PCA (Sodium L-pyroglutamate) is one of the most effective natural skin moisturizers. The main component of NMF (Natural Moisturizing Factor) that retains water in the stratum corneum. More effective than glycerin at low relative humidity.

NMF componentSuper moisturizerNaturalHygroscopic

✓ Safe

Comedogenic Rating

0/5

Irritation Potential

0/5

What is it?

Sodium PCA is a natural osmolyte and hygroscopic salt of PCA (pyrrolidone carboxylic acid). Found in the stratum corneum as a key NMF component. Formed in the body from glutamine through filaggrin → filaggrin is broken down during the formation of the stratum corneum → amino acids (including glutamine) are converted into PCA. Molecular weight ~151 Da. Extremely hygroscopic: retains water better than glycerin at low relative humidity (<30% RH). Water-soluble. INCI: Sodium PCA. In cosmetics: moisturizer, component of "biomimetic NMF" complexes.

Moisturizing serums and essences, NMF-replenishing products, moisturizing creams for dehydrated skin, mist sprays for face and body, toners.

Key Benefits

✦

Super hydration — more effective than glycerin in dry conditions

Sodium PCA is one of the most hygroscopic moisturizers in cosmetics: attracts and retains water from the environment and deeper layers of the skin. Compared to glycerin: at relative humidity >50% — similar results; at <30% RH (dry winter, air conditioning) — sodium PCA retains water more effectively, without "pulling" it from the skin. Clinically confirmed: increase in stratum corneum moisture by 30–50% two hours after application.

◈

Biomimetic moisturizer — replicates natural NMF

Sodium PCA makes up ~12% of the NMF in human skin — unique for a cosmetic ingredient. When applied to the skin: replenishes lost NMF (due to aggressive cleansing, age, dry weather). Synergy with other NMF components (urea, amino acids, lactic acid, hyaluronic acid) — together they recreate a full natural moisturizing factor better than hyaluronic acid alone.

✧

Barrier support and irritation reduction

Sodium PCA is a weak acid (pH ~5–6) in sodium salt form → helps maintain the skin's acid mantle. In chronic dehydration, the skin becomes more reactive: restoring NMF (including sodium PCA) reduces transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and improves barrier function. Suitable for dry and sensitive skin without the risk of irritation.

Suitable for

Dehydrated skinDry skinSensitive skin

Main Actions

✓ Hygroscopic NMF hydration✓ Restoration of the natural moisturizing factor✓ Support of the acid mantle

Sodium PCA vs PCA (free acid)

Free PCA (Pyroglutamic Acid) — the acidic form, more irritating. Sodium PCA — sodium salt, more neutral, well-tolerated by sensitive skin. Both forms are present in NMF. Zinc PCA (a separate ingredient) — zinc salt of PCA, has sebum-regulating and antibacterial properties (for oily skin). Sodium PCA: focus on hydration, suitable for all skin types.

CategoryHumectants

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